Function of the Spectrin skeleton in regulating cell shape, cell mechanics, and epithelium architecture: a quantitative and biophysical investigation

Isabel M Palacios (primary)
CMB
SBCS, QMUL
Guillaume Charras (secondary)
Cell and Developmental Biology
UCL

Abstract

Spectrins form a mechanically deformable skeleton that lies directly below the membrane. Although it has been studied in erythrocytes, little is known about its function in other cell types. This project aims to quantitatively understand the Spectrin skeleton function in regulating cell shape, cell mechanics, and epithelium architecture. This will be achieved by analysing the function of spectrins in constitutively blebbing cells and in the Drosophila follicular epithelium (FE), combining genetics, live imaging and automated image analysis, as well as biophysical techniques to measure cellular forces and membrane tension. These approaches will determine how spectrins dynamically regulate cell- and tissue-scale mechanics.


References

1. Ng BF, Selvaraj GK, Santa-Cruz Mateos C, Grosheva I, Alvarez-Garcia I, Martín-Bermudo MD and Palacios IM (2016). Alpha-Spectrin and Integrins act together to regulate actomyosin and columnarization, and to maintain a mono-layered follicular epithelium. Development. Apr 15;143(8): 1388
2. Drechsler M, Giavazzi F, Cerbino R and Palacios IM. (2017). Active diffusion and advection in the Drosophila ooplasm are due to the interplay of the microtubule and actin cytoskeletons. bioRxiv (doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/098590) and at Nature Communications, DOI : 10.1038/s41467-017-01414-6
3. Charras GT, Hu CK, Coughlin M, Mitchison TJ. Reassembly of a contractile actin cortex in cell blebs. J Cell Biol. 2006 Nov 6;175(3):477-90.


BBSRC Area
Genes, development and STEM* approaches to biologyMolecules, cells and industrial biotechnology
Area of Biology
Cell BiologyDevelopmentGenetics
Techniques & Approaches
BiophysicsEngineeringGeneticsImage ProcessingMathematics / StatisticsMicroscopy / ElectrophysiologyMolecular Biology